Updated on
There is no single “Canada work visa” for foreign workers, whether you are applying from the UK, the US, Nigeria, India or elsewhere. You can move to Canada to work either as a permanent resident or on a temporary work permit, and the route you pick decides the paperwork. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) runs all of these programmes. This guide explains the main ones in plain terms, who each suits and what to prepare first.
Compare the pathways
| Pathway | Result | Job offer needed? |
|---|---|---|
| Express Entry | Permanent residence | Not always |
| Provincial Nominee Program | Permanent residence | Depends on the province and stream |
| Temporary Foreign Worker Program | Temporary work permit tied to an employer | Yes, and usually an LMIA |
| International Mobility Program | Temporary work permit with no LMIA | Usually yes |
1. Express Entry
Express Entry manages three programmes: the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program and the Canadian Experience Class. You create a profile and receive a Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) score based on age, education, language scores, work experience and other factors. IRCC invites the highest-scoring candidates to apply in regular draws, and the cut-off score changes with each draw.
📌 Read More
What to prepare first: a language test result, an Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) for your foreign degree, proof of work experience, and your passport. These take weeks, so start them before you build a profile.
2. Provincial Nominee Program
Provinces nominate workers who fit their labour needs. Each province sets its own streams and rules. A nomination linked to Express Entry adds 600 CRS points, which usually leads to an invitation. Check the province’s official site for open streams. Some streams need a job offer or a link to the province, others do not.
3. Temporary Foreign Worker Program
A Canadian employer who cannot find a local worker can hire you. In most cases the employer first needs a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA), then you apply for a work permit. The permit is usually tied to that employer, so changing jobs means a new permit or employer approval.
4. International Mobility Program
This programme covers work permits that need no LMIA, such as intra-company transfers and permits under international agreements. International Experience Canada (working holiday and young professional permits) is also part of it, but it is open only to citizens of countries with a youth mobility agreement with Canada, so check the official country list before you plan around it.
Job offers and your Express Entry score
Older guides say a Canadian job offer adds points to your CRS score. Canada removed those arranged-employment points in March 2025, so a job offer alone no longer raises your score. A provincial nomination still adds 600 points. A job offer remains useful for temporary work permits and for some provincial streams.
📰 Similar Posts
IRCC also invites candidates through category-based draws, such as French-language ability, health care, STEM, trades and education, so check which categories are active when you plan.
What changes by country of origin
| If you live in | Practical points |
|---|---|
| UK, Australia or the US | Degrees often need an Educational Credential Assessment only if they were earned outside Canada, so check your award. Reference letters from employers should state duties and hours. Check IEC if your nationality is on the youth mobility list |
| Nigeria, Ghana and other African countries | Expect to prove every claim with documents, and take care with agents promising offers or LMIAs |
| India and South Asia | Language test scores and a degree assessment drive most scores, so book both early |
Which route fits you?
| Your situation | Routes to look at first |
|---|---|
| Skilled professional, no job offer yet | Express Entry, and provincial streams that do not need an offer |
| Skilled tradesperson | Federal Skilled Trades Program and provincial trade streams |
| You already have a Canadian employer | TFWP (with LMIA) or a permit under the IMP |
| Employee of a multinational with a Canadian branch | IMP, intra-company transfer |
Sectors that hire
- Healthcare: nurses, doctors and care workers. Regulated jobs need your licence recognised first.
- Technology: software, data and cybersecurity roles.
- Skilled trades: electricians, plumbers, welders and carpenters.
Scam warning
- Employers do not need to charge you to hire you. Never pay for a job offer or an LMIA.
- Nobody can guarantee a visa or a place in an Express Entry draw.
- Check any offer against the employer’s real website and the official IRCC pages.
Common questions
Can I get a Canadian work permit without a job offer?
Most employer-specific permits need a job offer. Permanent residence through Express Entry can be done without one.
Who pays for the LMIA?
The employer applies for and pays for it. You should never pay an employer or agent for it.
Do I need IELTS?
For Express Entry you need an approved language test. For some employer-specific permits you may not, but employers usually expect good English.
For help with the job search itself, including resume format and credentials, read our guide on how to find a job in Canada as a Nigerian. Our Canada work visa posts cover specific routes.
👀 You Missed
About the Author
No responses yet